| Species/Subspecies: | Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae | ||||||||
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| Etymology: | Genus name: between other mycoplasmas (fungus shaped). Species epithet: from pneumonia of a pig. | ||||||||
| Significance: | [Very important] | ||||||||
| Alternative Species Name(s): | Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae | ||||||||
| Taxonomy: | Class Mollicutes Order Mycoplasmoidales Family Metamycoplasmataceae Genus Mesomycoplasma |
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| Type Strain: | J = ATCC 25934 = NCTC 10110. | ||||||||
| Macromorphology (smell):
| Forms small and atypical colonies, which lack a clearly defined nipple (no "fried egg appearance") and should be observed in a microscope. | ||||||||
| Micromorphology: | Non-motile, very small small and pleomorphic | ||||||||
| Gram +/Gram -: | G-, but is normally not gram stained because the cells will then be fragmented. | ||||||||
| Metabolism: | Facultatively anaerobic. M. hyopneumoniae is a glucose fermenter, which lowers the pH in the growth medium. | ||||||||
| Catalase/Oxidase: | |||||||||
| Spec. Char.: | Lacks a cell wall. | ||||||||
| Special Media: | |||||||||
| Disease: | Porcine enzootic pneumonia or enzootic pneumonia in pigs (EPP) or swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP).
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| Genome Sequence: |
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| 16S rRNA Seq.: |
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| Taxonomy/phylogeny:
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About 15 species have been described within the genus Mesomycoplasma. Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae is closely related to M. ovipneumoniae, M. dispar as well as M. flocculare.
Note that the letter M in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 230:1) can mean Mycoplasma, Mesomycoplasma, Metamycoplasma, Mycoplasmoides or Mycoplasmopsis. |
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| Comment: | Based on whole genome sequencing, the taxonomy of mycoplasmas has recently undergone a comprehensive revision. The new taxonomy has now been introduced in VetBact, but it will still be possible to search for the alternative species names. Read more about the revised taxonomy of the mollicutes under the Term list of VetBact and see reference 164 below. | ||||||||
| Reference(s): | No. 52, 164, 170 | ||||||||
| Updated: | 2023-03-15 |